Vista Health. Every year, millions of people in London and across the UK have an ultrasound scan. In , the NHS revealed that almost 43 million imaging tests were ordered in the U. K in a single year alone. Ultrasound scans today, provide clinicians with images that can diagnose all sorts of conditions. But how does an ultrasound scan work? And had you realised of how it all began?
Using soundwaves to determine the position of objects first appeared in the work by Lazaro Spallanzani, an Italian physicist. Unfortunately, W Guttner, working in Germany showed that the apparent 'pictures' of ventricles were nothing of the kind, but instead represented densities of different parts of the overlying skull!
George Ludwig , working at the Naval Military Research Institute, in the United States, in , carried out research into gallstones embedded in soft tissues, using a through transmission technique. His pioneering investigations into the interactions between ultrasonic waves and animal tissues, helped lay the foundations for the later successful use of ultrasound in medical practice. Ian Donald introduced the ultrasound in diagnostic and medicine in , when he used the one-dimensional A-mode amplitude mode to measure the parietal diameter of the fetal head.
Two years later, Donald and Brown presented the ultrasound image of a female genital tumor. A decade later the Doppler effect served as the basis for the construction of the device that enabled the visualization of blood circulation, color flow Doppler ultrasound. Please Note: You can also scroll through stacks with your mouse wheel or the keyboard arrow keys.
Updating… Please wait. Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again. Thank you for updating your details. Log In. Sign Up. Become a Gold Supporter and see no ads. Log in Sign up. He was studying echolocation among bats. Jacques and Pierre Currie were the first to discover piezoelectricity. This discovery was very important to ultrasound since the ultrasound transducers or probes receive and emit sound waves by using the piezoelectric effect.
Another discovery helping to shape ultrasound as we know it today came in This discovery was made by Paul Langevin , a physicist, after the Titanic sank. Langevin was commissioned to create a device that would detect objects found on the bottom of the ocean. The s, s and s all helped to shape the field of ultrasound, as well.
During these three decades European soccer teams used a type of physical therapy for arthritic pain and eczema, which was related to ultrasound. Karl Dussik was the first to use sonogram for medical diagnosis in This was done by transmitting an ultrasound beam through the skull of a human in order to detect brain tumors. Another discovery came in from George D.
A new book explores the history of ultrasounds, in both their technical and social dimensions. In "Imaging and Imagining the Fetus: The Development of Obstetric Ultrasound" The Johns Hopkins University Press, , authors Malcolm Nicolson, a history of medicine professor at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, and engineer John Fleming look at how ultrasounds came into wide use, and why their images lie at the crossroads of several hotly debated issues today.
Ultrasound was first used for clinical purposes in in Glasgow. Obstetrician Ian Donald and engineer Tom Brown developed the first prototype systems based on an instrument used to detect industrial flaws in ships. They perfected its clinical use, and by the end of the s, ultrasound was routinely used in Glasgow hospitals, Nicolson said. By the end of the 20th century, ultrasound imaging had become routine in maternity clinics throughout the developed world. The technology has undergone extensive development over the past 20 years, Nicolson told LiveScience, but "has probably reached more or less the pinnacle of its acuity.
Ultrasound imaging involves bouncing "ultrasonic" sound waves — above the audible range of human hearing — at body structures or tissues, and detecting the echoes that bounce back. Obstetric ultrasonography is used to image a human fetus inside its mother's womb.
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